Adult Education and Literacy First Year Report, 2010-2011 Exit Cohort

Summary Text

Adult Education and Literacy (AEL) programs funded by the Texas Workforce Commission (TWC) provide English language, math, reading, and writing instruction to help students acquire the skills needed to succeed in the workforce, earn a high school equivalency, or enter college or career training.

On May 18, 2013, Governor Rick Perry signed Texas Senate Bill (SB) 307, 83rd Legislature, Regular Session (2013), which transferred responsibility for adult education from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) to TWC. Detailed information about TWC Adult Education and Literacy programs can be found at the AEL homepage.

Between July 1^st, 2010 and June 30^th, 2011, 92,899 customers participated in TWC Adult Education & Literacy programs. Females represented about two-thirds of the program enrollment total, and Hispanics represented slightly over 75% of participants.

Fifty-four percent (54%) or 50,019 participants of the 92,899 total enrollments exited these programs during this period. Exiting participants (or "exiters") were identified as being in one of two groups:

(1) Enrolled participants who had not participated in adult education for 90 days and had given no indication of intent to return the following program year; and

(2) Enrolled participants leaving during the last 90 days of the program year who gave a reason for not returning the following year.

31,934 of these exiters provided a Social Security Number (SSN). This subset of SSN-providing exiters forms the 2010-2011 Exit Cohort. All post-exit outcomes in this report describe this group.

Using SSN, AEL program records of the 2010-2011 Exit Cohort were matched with Unemployment Insurance (UI) Wage Records for employment and income data. General Educational Development (GED) Certificate obtainment rates were obtained from TEA GED Unit Records, and postsecondary enrollment data were added by linking to Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board (THECB) Master Enrollment Records.

Abbreviation/Acronym Glossary and Table Legend

A B E

Adult Basic Education

A E L

Adult Education & Literacy

A S E

Adult Secondary Education

C C / C C D

Community College / Community College District

E S L

English as a Second Language

G E D

General Educational Development

Q 4

Fourth Quarter of the Calendar Year

N A I C S

North American Industry Classification System

S B

Senate Bill

S S N

Social Security Number

T E A

Texas Education Agency

T H E C B

Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board

T W C

Texas Workforce Commission

U I

Unemployment Insurance

* * *

Cell Sizes Too Small to Publish; Withheld to Protect Customer Privacy

- 0 -

No Data (Cell Size = 0)

-- (blank)

Not Applicable

- N R -

Not Reported

Breakdown of AEL Program Enrollment by Ethnicity and Gender

Enrollment Ethnic and Gender Breakdown Table One

Hispanics compose slightly more than three-quarters of the AEL enrollment cohort; roughly half of total enrollees are Hispanic women and about 25% are Hispanic men. White and Black/African American are the next two largest ethnicities at 10.5% and 8.8%, respectively. Both of these program enrollee groups have a gender composition close to 60% female, 40% male. Asians compose 4.2% of enrollees and participate at a 2-to-1 female-to-male gender ratio.

The following tables provide the enrollment head count by ethnicity and gender.

Breakdown of 2011 enrollment cohort for ABE and ESL programs. First column is ethnicity, second column is gender, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that ethnicity and gender.
Ethnicity	Head Count	Percentage
American Indian or Alaskan Native	357	0.4%
Asian	3,865	4.2%
Black or African American	8,207	8.8%
Hispanic or Latino	70,297	75.7%
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	68	0.1%
White	9,713	10.5%
Two or More Races	392	0.4%
Total	92,899	100%

Enrollment Ethnic and Gender Breakdown Table Two

Breakdown of 2011 enrollment cohort for ASE programs. First column is ethnicity, second column is gender, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that ethnicity and gender.
Ethnicity	Gender	Head Count	Female %	Male %	Total %
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Female	214	0.4%	--	0.2%
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Male	143	--	0.4%	0.2%
Asian	Female	2,564	4.3%	--	2.8%
Asian	Male	1,301	--	4.0%	1.4%
Black or African American	Female	4,331	7.2%	--	4.7%
Black or African American	Male	3,876	--	11.9%	4.2%
Hispanic or Latino	Female	47,141	78.3%	--	50.7%
Hispanic or Latino	Male	23,156	--	70.8%	24.9%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Female	42	0.1%	--	0.05%
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Male	26	--	0.1%	0.03%
White	Female	5,676	9.4%	--	6.1%
White	Male	4,037	--	12.3%	4.3%
Two or More Races	Female	228	0.4%	--	0.2%
Two or More Races	Male	164	--	0.5%	0.2%
Total	Female	60,196	100%	--	64.8%
	Male	32,703	--	100%	35.2%
	Total	92,899	--	--	100%

Breakdown of AEL Program Enrollment by Program Type, Educational Level at Entry, Ethnicity and Gender

Program Enrollment and Education Level Breakdown Table One

AEL programs assess students on intake to determine their educational functioning level. Students are assigned one educational level at entry out of four possible levels for Adult Basic Education (ABE), two levels for Adult Secondary Education (ASE), or six levels for English as a Second Language (ESL). Each level describes a set of skills and competencies that students entering at that level can perform in the areas of reading, writing, numeracy, speaking, listening, functional tasks, and workplace tasks.

The following tables provide the enrollment head count for each program and skill level by ethnicity and gender.

Breakdown of enrollment for ABE and ASE programs, split by four and two skill levels at entry, respectively. First column is ethnicity, second column is gender, and the remaining columns are head counts in each program and educational level for the cohort members sharing that ethnicity and gender.
Ethnicity	Gender	ABE Beginning Literacy	ABE Beginning Basic Education	ABE Intermediate Low	ABE Intermediate High	ASE Low	ASE High
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Female	8	38	57	48	8	7
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Male	14	35	32	21	5	5
Asian	Female	47	170	133	79	27	11
Asian	Male	33	100	55	40	13	* * *
Black or African American	Female	308	1,061	1,430	955	117	55
Black or African American	Male	372	1,176	1,117	694	149	48
Hispanic or Latino	Female	834	3,531	4,917	3,588	641	324
Hispanic or Latino	Male	710	2,750	2,811	2,077	449	280
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Female	* * *	12	7	11	* * *	- 0 -
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Male	- 0 -	8	6	* * *	- 0 -	* * *
White	Female	170	811	1,568	1,608	460	379
White	Male	198	832	1,002	1,035	341	343
Two or More Races	Female	9	32	64	54	8	5
Two or More Races	Male	5	35	43	37	11	8
Total	Total	2,711	10,591	13,242	10,250	2,232	1,469
Total	Percentage	2.9%	11.4%	14.3%	11.0%	2.4%	1.6%

Program Enrollment and Education Level Breakdown Table Two

Breakdown of enrollment for the ESL program split by six skill levels at entry. First column is ethnicity, second column is gender, and the remaining columns are head counts in each program and skill level for the cohort members sharing that ethnicity and gender.
Ethnicity	Gender	ESL Beginning Literacy	ESL Beginning Low	ESL Beginning High	ESL Intermediate Low	ESL Intermediate High	Advanced ESL
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Female	30	6	5	* * *	* * *	* * *
American Indian or Alaskan Native	Male	21	* * *	6	* * *	- 0 -	- 0 -
Asian	Female	897	372	365	214	211	38
Asian	Male	540	181	162	95	66	14
Black or African American	Female	215	92	54	21	20	* * *
Black or African American	Male	152	80	56	12	16	* * *
Hispanic or Latino	Female	17,042	5,403	5,197	2,698	2,647	319
Hispanic or Latino	Male	6,575	3,042	2,349	1,009	963	141
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Female	* * *	* * *	- 0 -	* * *	* * *	* * *
Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander	Male	* * *	* * *	* * *	- 0 -	- 0 -	- 0 -
White	Female	279	154	101	61	77	8
White	Male	117	74	45	23	23	* * *
Two or More Races	Female	22	17	* * *	9	* * *	- 0 -
Two or More Races	Male	15	5	* * *	* * *	* * *	- 0 -
Total	Total	35,908	9,434	8,349	4,149	4,031	533
Total	Percentage	37.9%	10.2%	9.0%	4.5%	4.4%	0.6%

Breakdown of 2011 Exit Cohort by Employment Status (Pre/Post), Postsecondary Enrollment, and GED Acquisition

Exit Cohort Breakdown Table One

The AEL 2010-2011 Exit Cohort has been matched to both Texas UI Wage Records for Q4 2011, as well as the Fall 2011 THECB Master Enrollment File for postsecondary institutions.

The first three tables present exit cohort members found employed in Q4 2011; the first table is for employed workers not enrolled in postsecondary schools, the second table is for cohort members both employed and enrolled, and the third table shows all employed workers. These groups are then presented by employment status at entry and program type.

The fourth table presents the number of seed records not found in either the Q4 2011 wage records or the Fall 2011 postsecondary enrollment records, as well as rates of GED acquisition, for each combination of program type and employment status at entry.

Wage record data for people working in Q4 2011 and not
Enrolled in postsecondary education in the Fall of 2011. First column is employment status during the program year, second column is program type, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that employment status and program type.
Employment Status at Entry	Program	Exit Cohort Seed Records	Working Only Q4 2011	Working Only %	Working Only Median Wage
Employed at Entry	ESL	4,510	3,073	68.1%	$4,820
	ABE	6,284	4,263	67.8%	$3,760
	ASE	857	520	60.7%	$3,724
	Subtotal	11,651	7,856	67.4%	$4,186
Unemployed at Entry	ESL	828	2,082	38.6%	$3,377
	ABE	8,168	3,431	42.0%	$2,106
	ASE	890	368	41.4%	$2,061
	Subtotal	11,140	4,603	41.3%	$2,280
Not in Labor Force at Entry	ESL	2,726	610	22.4%	$2,959
	ABE	5,549	1,545	27.8%	$2,000
	ASE	868	268	30.9%	$1,990
	Subtotal	9,143	2,423	26.5%	$2,194
Overall	TOTAL	31,934	14,882	46.6%	$3,223

Exit Cohort Breakdown Table Two

Data for members of the 2011 exit cohort both working and Enrolled in the Fourth Quarter of 2011. First column is employment status during the program year, second column is program type, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that employment status and program type.
Employment Status at Entry	Program	Exit Cohort Seed Records	Working & Enrolled Q4 2011	Working & Enrolled %	Working & Enrolled Median Wage
Employed at Entry	ESL	4,510	55	1.2%	$3,897
	ABE	6,284	205	3.3%	$3,375
	ASE	857	99	11.6%	$2,593
	Subtotal	11,651	359	3.1%	- N R -
Unemployed at Entry	ESL	2,082	24	1.2%	$2,276
	ABE	8,168	152	1.9%	$1,274
	ASE	890	40	4.5%	$1,936
	Subtotal	11,140	216	1.9%	- N R -
Not in Labor Force at Entry	ESL	2,726	16	0.6%	$2,623
	ABE	5,549	84	1.5%	$1,734
	ASE	868	25	2.9%	$1,569
	Subtotal	9,143	125	1.4	- N R -
Overall	TOTAL	31,934	700	2.2%	$2,308

Exit Cohort Breakdown Table Three

Data for all employed members of the 2011 exit cohort in the Fourth Quarter of 2011. First column is employment status during the program year, second column is program type, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that employment status and program type.
Employment Status at Entry	Program	Exit Cohort Seed Records	All Working Q4 2011	All Working %	All Working Median Wage
Employed at Entry	ESL	4,510	3,128	69.4%	$4,800
	ABE	6,284	4,468	71.1%	$3,741
	ASE	857	619	72.2%	$3,536
	Subtotal	11,651	8,215	70.5%	- N R -
Unemployed at Entry	ESL	2,082	828	39.8%	$3,314
	ABE	8,168	3,583	43.9%	$2,047
	ASE	890	408	45.8%	$2,031
	Subtotal	11,140	4,819	43.3%	- N R -
Not in Labor Force at Entry	ESL	2,726	626	23.0%	$2,959
	ABE	5,549	1,629	29.4%	$1,986
	ASE	868	293	33.8%	$1,955
	Subtotal	9,143	2,548	27.9%	- N R -
Overall	TOTAL	31,934	15,582	48.8%	$3,182

Exit Cohort Breakdown Table Four

Summary data for the 2011 exit cohort, plus data for people working and not
Enrolled in the Fourth Quarter of 2011. First column is employment status during the program year, second column is program type, and the remaining columns are data for the cohort members sharing that employment status and program type.
Employment Status at Entry	Program	Exit Cohort Seed Records	Not Located Q4 2011	Not Located %	GEDs Obtained	GEDs Obtained %
Employed at Entry	ESL	4,510	1,364	30.2%	50	1.1%
	ABE	6,284	1,727	27.5%	1,182	18.8%
	ASE	857	200	23.3%	514	60.0%
	Subtotal	11,651	3,291	28.3%	1,746	15.0%
Unemployed at Entry	ESL	2,082	1,223	58.7%	33	1.6%
	ABE	8,168	4,361	53.4%	1,453	17.8%
	ASE	890	423	47.5%	495	55.6%
	Subtotal	11,140	6,007	53.9%	1,981	17.8%
Not in Labor Force at Entry	ESL	2,726	2,047	75.1%	65	2.4%
	ABE	5,549	3,750	67.6%	1,111	20.0%
	ASE	868	501	57.7%	495	57.0%
	Subtotal	9,143	6,298	68.9%	1,671	18.3%
Overall	TOTAL	31,934	15,596	48.8%	5,398	16.9%

Top Ten Industries of Employment, Q4 2011

Analyzing the cohort's employment outcomes by industry, we see Restaurants and Other Eating Places in the top spot, employing over 17 percent of employed customers overall, followed by Employment Services and Home Health Care Services.

Top ten employment industries for each of the three employment statuses in the 2011 exit cohort. First column is employment status during the program year, second column is the industry name, the third column is the industry code (4 digit NAICS), and the remaining columns are head count and cohort percentage.
Employment Status	Industry	NAICS (4-digit)	Head Count	Percentage
Employed Only	Restaurants and Other Eating Places	7225	2,500	17%
	Employment Services	5613	1,379	9%
	Home Health Care Services	6216	746	5%
	Elementary and Secondary Schools	6111	654	4%
	Other General Merchandise Stores	4529	620	4%
	Services to Buildings and Dwellings	5617	432	3%
	Grocery Stores	4451	402	3%
	Nursing Care Facilities (Skilled Nursing Facilities)	6231	351	2%
	Traveler Accommodation	7211	288	2%
	Animal Slaughtering and Processing	3116	245	2%
Employed and Enrolled	Restaurants and Other Eating Places	7225	132	19%
	Employment Services	5613	42	6%
	Other General Merchandise Stores	4529	34	5%
	Home Health Care Services	6216	31	4%
	Grocery Stores	4451	29	4%
	Nursing Care Facilities (Skilled Nursing Facilities)	6231	23	3%
	Department Stores	4521	21	3%
	Clothing Stores	4481	14	2%
	Gasoline Stations	4471	14	2%
	Elementary and Secondary Schools	6111	12	2%
All Employed	Restaurants and Other Eating Places	7225	2,632	17%
	Employment Services	5613	1,421	9%
	Home Health Care Services	6216	777	5%
	Elementary and Secondary Schools	6111	666	4%
	Other General Merchandise Stores	4529	654	4%
	Services to Buildings and Dwellings	5617	437	3%
	Grocery Stores	4451	431	3%
	Nursing Care Facilities (Skilled Nursing Facilities)	6231	374	2%
	Traveler Accommodation	7211	298	2%
	Gasoline Stations	4471	256	2%

Breakdown of Postsecondary Enrollment by Institution Type, Employment Status, Gender, and Ethnicity

Analyzing the cohort's postsecondary enrollment by institution type, we see the vast majority of enrollees (approximately 93%) in Community and Technical Colleges, with about 5% of enrollees in Public Universities and one percent in Private Universities. Breaking down enrollment by employment status, gender, or ethnicity does not present any large departures from this pattern.

Postsecondary enrollment in the 2011 exit cohort broken down by employment status, ethnicity, and gender. First column is breakdown category, second column is the breakdown identifier, and the remaining columns are enrollment counts for different types of institutions.
Category	Identifier	Attending Public Universities	Attending Private Universities	Attending Community/ Technical Colleges	Attending Health-Related Institutions	Attending Career Schools & Colleges
Employment Status	Enrolled Only	29	5	721	- 0 -	* * *
Employment Status	Employed and Enrolled	22	8	669	* * *	* * *
Gender	Female	24	* * *	920	* * *	* * *
Gender	Male	27	* * *	470	* * *	* * *
Ethnicity	Hispanic or Latino	29	8	659	- 0 -	* * *
	White	6	* * *	411	* * *	- 0 -
	Black or African American	11	* * *	225	- 0 -	- 0 -
	Asian	* * *	- 0 -	73	- 0 -	- 0 -
	American Indian or Alaskan Native	- 0 -	- 0 -	9	- 0 -	- 0 -
	Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander	- 0 -	- 0 -	* * *	- 0 -	- 0 -
	Unknown	- 0 -	- 0 -	11	- 0 -	- 0 -
Overall	TOTAL	51	13	1390	* * *	* * *